√ 30 Pola Present Perfect Nominal – Positive Negative Interrogative

Present perfect tense (waktu tepat sekarang) yaitu suatu bentuk keterangan waktu 16 tenses yang dipakai untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa kemudian dan masih berlanjut hingga kini atau telah selesai pada suatu titik tertentu di masa lalu, tetapi dampaknya masih berlanjut. Present perfect tense dipakai ketika suatu kejadian pada ketika ini terkait dengan momen di masa lalu.

Hal ini sering dipakai untuk menyampaikan hal-hal yang telah terjadi hingga sekarang, tetapi belum selesai atau untuk menekankan sesuatu terjadi, tetapi tidak benar lagi/tidak ada lagi.

Aspek yang ada dalam tense ini yaitu telah berakhir/selesai, sebab aspek perfect tersebut digabungkan dengan bentuk present tense. Selesainya perbuatan dalam present perfect tense masih positif ketika ini. Present perfect tense tidak pernah dipakai ketika menyampaikan sesuatu yang terjadi pada ketika tertentu, contohnya yesterday, last year, dan lain-lain.

Namun, tense tersebut sanggup dipakai ketika membahas lamanya kejadian tersebut, contohnya often, for, always, since, dan sebagainya. Dalam bahasa Inggris juga terdapat dua jenis kalimat yang terdiri dari kalimat nominal/nominal sentences (kalimat yang di dalamnya terdapat kata kerja/verb) dan kalimat verbal/verbal sentences (kalimat yang mempunyai kata kerja).

Rumus Present Perfect Tense Nominal

Kalimat nominal dengan present perfect tense mempunyai rumus atau contoh kalimat:

• (+) S + have/has + been + complement


• (-) S + have/has + not + been + complement


• (?) Have/has + been + complement?

Jika subjek berupa You, I, They, We, dan Plural Noun (subjek jamak), maka memakai Have. Jika subjeknya He, She, It, dan Singular Noun (subjek tunggal), maka memakai to be Has. Dalam kalimat negatif, to be Have Not sanggup disingkat menjadi Haven’t dan Has Not disingkat menjadi Hasn’t. Kata keterangan (adverb) yang biasa dipakai pada present perfect tense yaitu just now, never, ever, already, yet, dan still.

Contoh Present Perfect Nominal Positive

1. I have been hungry.


2. My students have been in the classroom.


3. Mr. Saputra has been sick.


4. Fian has been to Ubud since July.


5. He has been there for many years.


6. We have there for one week.


7. It has been very hot lately.


8. My father has been sleepy today.


9. There has been a queue in the theater.


10. You have been in Banjarmasin for one month. 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    

Contoh Present Perfect Nominal Negative

1. My uncle has not been in Yogyakarta for three days.


2. Rayi has not been a teacher since one year ago.


3. They haven’t been in the room.


4. My brother has not been in Tangerang since vacation.


5. I have been to Madura for two days.


6. Dita hasn’t been at home already.


7. Miss Rani has not been ill for four days.


8. They haven’t been in Canada since 2000.


9. Jack hasn’t been very patient.


10. My friend have been very busy

Contoh Present Perfect Nominal Interrogative

1. Has she been here for ten minutes?


2. Have we been in the beach since Saturday?


3. Has Susan been an athlete since 2017?


4. Has the bottle been empty?


5. Have you been to Medan for many times?


6. Has Gilang been in the hospital for three days?


7. Has Farah been here for one hour?


8. Have you been busy?


9. Has it been very cold?


10. Has the room been clean?

Sumber https://azbahasainggris.com